Kusvibiswa muindasitiri yemachira
● Sun Ruizhe, purezidhendi weChina National Textile and Apparel Council, akambotaura paClimate Innovation and Fashion Summit muna 2019 kuti indasitiri yemachira nehembe yave indasitiri yechipiri pakukura inosvibisa pasi rose, yechipiri kubva kuindasitiri yemafuta chete;
● Sekureva kwedata kubva kuChina Circular Economy Association, matani angangoita mamiriyoni makumi maviri nematanhatu embatya dzekare anokandwa mumagaba emarara munyika yangu gore rega rega, uye nhamba iyi ichawedzera kusvika pamatani mamiriyoni makumi mashanu mushure megore ra2030;
● Maererano nefungidziro yeChina National Textile and Apparel Council, nyika yangu inorasa machira gore rega rega, akaenzana nematani emamiriyoni makumi maviri nemana emafuta asina kucheneswa. Parizvino, mbatya zhinji dzekare dzichiri kuraswa nemarara kana kupiswa, zvose izvi zvichikonzera kusvibiswa kwakanyanya kwezvakatipoteredza.
Mhinduro dzematambudziko ekusvibiswa kwemhepo - fibers dzakavakirwa pazvipenyu
Mashinda ekugadzira mumachira anowanzo gadzirwa nezvinhu zve petrochemical, zvakaita semashinda e polyester (polyester), mashinda e polyamide (nylon kana nylon), mashinda e polyacrylonitrile (mashinda e acrylic), nezvimwewo.
● Nekuwedzera kwekushomeka kwezviwanikwa zvemafuta uye kumuka kwevanhu vachiziva nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Hurumende dzakatangawo kutora matanho akasiyana-siyana ekuderedza kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemafuta uye kutsvaga zviwanikwa zvinogona kudzokororwa zvisina njodzi kutsiva.
● Vachikanganiswa nekushomeka kwemafuta nematambudziko ezvakatipoteredza, makambani ane simba rekugadzira fiber dzemakemikari akadai seUnited States, European Union, neJapan zvishoma nezvishoma akarega kugadzira fiber dzemakemikari dzemazuva ano, uye akatendeukira kune fiber dzakavakirwa pazvipenyu dzinobatsira zvakanyanya uye dzisinganyanyi kukanganiswa nezviwanikwa kana nharaunda.
Zvinhu zvepolyester zvakagadzirwa nebio-based (PET/PEF) zvinogona kushandiswa mukugadzira fibers dzakavakirwa pabio-based uyedehwe rakagadzirwa nebio.
Mumushumo wekupedzisira we "Textile Herald" pa "Ongororo neTarisiro yeWorld Textile Technology", zvakaratidzwa kuti:
● PET ine 100% bio-based yave kutungamira mukupinda muindasitiri yezvikafu, zvakaita seCoca-Cola zvinwiwa, Heinz food, uye kurongedza zvigadzirwa zvekuchenesa, uye yavewo kubatanidzwa muzvigadzirwa zvefiber zvemakambani emitambo anozivikanwa akadai seNike;
● Zvigadzirwa zvePET kana PEF T-shirt zvakagadzirwa ne100% zvakaonekwa pamusika.
Sezvo ruzivo rwevanhu nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza ruchiri kuramba ruchiwedzera, zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nemhuka zvichave nezvakanakira zviripo muminda yezvigadzirwa zvekurapa, zvekudya uye zvehutano zvine chekuita nehupenyu hwevanhu.
● "Hurongwa hweKuvandudza Indasitiri yeMachira (2016-2020)" hwenyika yangu uye "Hurongwa hweMachira "Hurongwa hweMakore Mashanu neMatatu" hweSainzi neTekinoroji hwakaratidza zvakajeka kuti gwara rinotevera rebasa ndere: kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva zvefiber zvinotsiva zviwanikwa zvepetroleum, kusimudzira Kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri efibers anogadzirwa nemafuta egungwa.
Chii chinonzi fiber yakagadzirwa nebio?
● Fiber dzinobva muzvipenyu zvinoreva fiber dzinogadzirwa nezvinhu zvipenyu kana kubva muzvinhu zvinobuda mumiti. Semuenzaniso, polylactic acid fiber (PLA fiber) inogadzirwa nezvirimwa zvine starch zvakaita sechibage, gorosi, uye shuga beet, uye alginate fiber inogadzirwa nebrown algae.
● Rudzi urwu rwefiber inogadzirwa nemakemikari haruna girini chete uye runodzivirira nharaunda, asiwo rune simba rakanaka uye rwakawedzerwa kukosha. Semuenzaniso, hunhu hwemakemikari, kuora kwehupenyu, kusakara, kusatsva, ganda, kuuraya mabhakitiriya, uye hunhu hwekubvisa hunyoro hwePLA hahuna kuderera pane hwefiber dzechinyakare. Alginate fiber chinhu chemhando yepamusoro chekugadzira madressing ekurapa ane hygroscopic, saka ine kukosha kwakakosha mubazi rezvehutano nerezvekurapa. semuenzaniso, tine zvinhu zvitsva zvinodaidzwa.dehwe remhuka/dehwe revegan.
Sei muchida kuyedza zvigadzirwa kuti muone kana zvirimo zviri mu biologic?
Sezvo vatengi vari kuramba vachifarira zvigadzirwa zvegirini zvisina njodzi, zvakachengeteka, uye zvinobva kuzvinhu zvipenyu. Kudiwa kwemafibers anobva kuzvinhu zvipenyu mumusika wemachira kuri kuwedzera zuva nezuva, uye zvakakosha kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinobva kuzvinhu zvipenyu kuti zviwane mukana wekutanga mumusika. Zvigadzirwa zvinobva kuzvinhu zvipenyu zvinoda huwandu hwezvinhu zvinobva kuzvinhu zvipenyu kungave kuri muchikamu chekutsvagisa nekugadzira, kudzora mhando kana kutengesa. Kuedzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvebio kunogona kubatsira vagadziri, vagovanisi kana vatengesi:
● Kuongororwa kweChigadzirwa: Kuedzwa kweBio-based kunoitwa mukugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa cheBio-based, izvo zvinogona kujekesa zviri mukati mechigadzirwa kuti zvive nyore kuvandudza;
● Kudzora Hunhu: Munguva yekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nebio, bvunzo dzinoitwa nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nebio dzinogona kuitwa pazvinhu zvakagadzirwa kuti dzinyatsoongorora hunhu hwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nebio;
● Kushambadzira uye kushambadzira: Zviri mukati mezvinyorwa zvebio zvichave chishandiso chakanaka kwazvo chekushambadzira, chinogona kubatsira zvigadzirwa kuwana kuvimba nevatengi uye kutora mikana yemusika.
Ndingaziva sei zviri muchigadzirwa? - Kuongororwa kweCarbon 14
Kuongororwa kweCarbon-14 kunogona kusiyanisa zvinobudirira zvinhu zvinobva kubio-based uye petrochemical muchinhu chiri muchigadzirwa. Nekuti zvipenyu zvemazuva ano zvine kabhoni 14 yakaenzana nekabhoni 14 mumhepo, nepo zvinhu zve petrochemical zvisina kabhoni 14.
Kana mhedzisiro yebvunzo yechinhu ichi ine kabhoni 100%, zvinoreva kuti chigadzirwa chacho chakabva kuzvinhu zvipenyu chete; kana mhedzisiro yebvunzo yechinhu ichi iri 0%, zvinoreva kuti chigadzirwa chacho chakabva kuzvinhu zvipenyu chete; kana mhedzisiro yebvunzo iri 50%, zvinoreva kuti 50% yechigadzirwa chacho inobva kuzvinhu zvipenyu chete uye 50% yekabhoni inobva kuzvinhu zvipenyu chete.
Miyedzo yemicheka inosanganisira mwero wekuAmerica weASTM D6866, mwero wekuEurope weEN 16640, nezvimwewo.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-22-2022
