Sekureva kwe2019 Statement on the State of the Global Climate yakaburitswa neUnited Nations neWorld Meteorological Organization (WMO), gore ra2019 raive gore rechipiri rinopisa zvakanyanya munhoroondo, uye makore gumi apfuura rave richipisa zvakanyanya munhoroondo.
Moto wekuAustralia muna 2019 uye denda ra2020 zvakamutsa vanhu, saka ngatitangei kufungisisa.
Tava kutanga kuona kukwira kwemitengo kunokonzerwa nekudziya kwepasi rose, kunyunguduka kwechando, kusanaya kwemvura nemafashamo, kutyisidzira kupona kwemhuka, uye kukanganisa hutano hwevanhu…
Saka, vatengi vakawanda vari kutanga kutsvaga mararamiro asina kabhoni yakawanda uye asingakuvadzi nharaunda kuitira kuderedza kudziya kwepasi! Ndiko kushandiswa kwakawanda kwezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nemakemikari!
1. Deredza kuburitswa kwecarbon dioxide uye kuderedza mhedzisiro yegreenhouse
Kutsiva mishonga yechinyakare yepetrochemicals nezvigadzirwa zvebio-based kunogona kuderedza kuburitswa kwecarbon dioxide.
Kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nemakemikariinoburitsa kabhoni dhayiokisijeni shoma pane zvigadzirwa zvepetroleum. "Economic Impact Analysis of the US Bio-based Products Industry (2019)" yakaratidza kuti, zvichienderana neEIO-LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) model, muna 2017, United States muna 2017 nekuda kwekugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvebio-based kutsiva zvigadzirwa zvepetroleum, mafuta efossil. Kushandiswa kwakaderera ne60%, kana kuti matani anosvika mamiriyoni 12.7 eCO2-equivalent greenhouse gas emissions.
Nzira dzinotevera dzekurasa chigadzirwa mushure mekushanda kwenguva refu dzinowanzo kukonzerawo kuburitswa kwecarbon dioxide, kunyanya mapurasitiki asara.
Kana mapurasitiki atsva uye apwanyika, kabhoni dhayokisaidhi inoburitswa. Kabhoni dhayokisaidhi inoburitswa nekupiswa kana kuputsika kwemapurasitiki akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvipenyu haina kabhoni uye haizowedzere huwandu hwekabhoni dhayokisaidhi mumhepo; kupisa kana kuputsika kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nepetroleum kuchaburitsa kabhoni dhayokisaidhi, inova mhedzisiro yakanaka uye ichawedzera huwandu hwese hwekabhoni dhayokisaidhi mumhepo.
Saka nekushandisa zvigadzirwa zve bio-based pane zvigadzirwa zve petroleum, kabhoni dioxide mumhepo inodzikira.
2. Shandisa zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswazve uye kuderedza kuvimba nemafuta
Indasitiri iyi inoshandisa zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswazve (semuenzaniso zvirimwa, marara echisikigo) kugadzira nekutsiva zvigadzirwa zvechinyakare uchishandisa zvinotorwa kubva mumafuta. Zvichienzaniswa nezvigadzirwa zvinobva mumafuta, zvinhu zvayo zvechisikigo zvine hushamwari kune nharaunda.
Sekureva kwemushumo weEconomic Impact Analysis weUS Bio-Based Products Industry (2019), United States yakachengetedza madhiramu emafuta anosvika mamiriyoni 9.4 kuburikidza nekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvebio-based. Pakati pazvo, kushandiswa kwemapurasitiki ebio-based uye bio-based packaging kwakaderera nemabharamu emafuta angangoita 85,000-113,000.
China ine nzvimbo yakakura uye ine zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvezvirimwa. Kugona kwekusimudzira indasitiri iyi kwakawanda, nepo zviwanikwa zvemafuta zvenyika yangu zviri zvishoma.
Muna 2017, huwandu hwese hwemafuta hwakawanikwa munyika yangu hwaingova matani mabhiriyoni 3.54 chete, ukuwo kushandiswa kwemafuta asina kucheneswa munyika yangu muna 2017 kwaive matani mamiriyoni 590.
Kukurudzira kugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemhuka kuchaderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemafuta uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kwakanyanya kunokonzerwa nekushandiswa kwesimba rezvipenyu.
Kukura kweindasitiri yezvekurima kunogona kungogutsa zvinodiwa nekuvandudzwa kwehupfumi hwezuva nezuva, hune kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye hunochengetedza nharaunda.
3. Zvigadzirwa zvebio-based, zvinofarirwa nevanochengetedza zvakatipoteredza
Vanhu vakawanda vari kutsvaga hupenyu husina kabhoni yakawanda uye husingakuvadzi nharaunda, uye zvigadzirwa zvebio-based zvinoshandisa zvinhu zvinogona kudzorerwa zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kufarirwa nevatengi.
* Ongororo yeUnilever ya2017 yakaratidza kuti 33% yevatengi vaizosarudza zvinhu zvinobatsira munharaunda kana nharaunda. Ongororo iyi yakabvunza vanhu vakuru 2,000 vanobva kunyika shanu, uye vanopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvishanu (21%) chevakapindura vakati kana kurongedza nekushambadza kwechigadzirwa kuchiratidza zvakajeka chitupa chacho chekuchengetedza, senge label yeUSDA, ichasarudza zvigadzirwa zvakadaro.
*Accenture yakabvunza vatengi zviuru zvitanhatu muNorth America, Europe neAsia muna Kubvumbi 2019 kuti vanzwisise tsika dzavo dzekutenga nekushandisa zvigadzirwa zvakaputirwa muzvinhu zvakasiyana. Zvakabuda zvakaratidza kuti 72% yevakapindura vakati vari kutenga zvigadzirwa zvine hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza kupfuura zvavaive vakaita makore mashanu apfuura, uye 81% vakati vaitarisira kutenga zvimwe zvezvinhu izvi mumakore mashanu anotevera.dehwe rakagadzirwa nebio, 10%-80%, Zviri kwauri.
4. Chitupa chezvinyorwa zveBio-based
Indasitiri yepasi rose inogadzira zvinhu zvipenyu yave ichikura kwemakore anopfuura zana. Kuti isimudzire budiriro yeindasitiri inogadzira zvinhu zvipenyu, ASTM D6866, ISO 16620, EN 16640 nedzimwe nzira dzekuyedza dzakatangwa pasi rese, idzo dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuona zvirimo muzvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvipenyu.
Kuti tibatsire vatengi kuwana zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvemhando yepamusoro zvebio, zvichibva pamitemo mitatu iri pamusoro apa inotenderwa pasi rose, ma USDA bio-based priority labels, OK Biobased, DIN CERTCO, I'm green uye UL bio-based content certification labels dzakatangwa imwe mushure meimwe.
Kuenda mune ramangwana
Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuwedzera kushomeka kwezviwanikwa zvemafuta pasi rose uye kuwedzera kwekupisa kwepasi rose. Zvigadzirwa zvebio-based zvakavakirwa pakugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvinogona kushandiswazve, kugadzira "hupfumi hwegirini" hunochengetedza nharaunda uye hune hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza, kuderedza kuburitswa kwecarbon dioxide, kuderedza mhedzisiro yegreenhouse, uye kutsiva zviwanikwa zvepetrochemical, nhanho nhanho muhupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva.
Fungidzira ramangwana, denga richiri rebhuruu, tembiricha haisi kukwira, mafashamo haasi kufashamira, zvese izvi zvinotanga nekushandisa zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nemakemikari!
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-19-2022
