Hupfumi hweEurope hwakasimba, nekuchinjana kwegore negore kwemaeuro mazana manomwe nemakumi masere emamiriyoni (780 bhiriyoni euros) muindasitiri yezvemhuka.

1. Mamiriro ehupfumi hweEU

Ongororo yedata reEurostat ra2018 inoratidza kuti muEU27 + UK, huwandu hwese hwehupfumi hwese, kusanganisira zvikamu zvekutanga zvakaita sechikafu, zvinwiwa, kurima nemasango, hwaipfuura €2.4 trillion, zvichienzaniswa nekukura kwegore ra2008 kweinenge 25%.

Chikamu chezvekudya nezvinwiwa chinotora chikamu chinosvika hafu yemari yese inoshandiswa muhupfumi hwezvinhu zvipenyu, nepo maindasitiri anosanganisira makemikari nemapurasitiki, mishonga, zvigadzirwa zvemapepa, zvigadzirwa zvemasango, machira, mafuta emhuka uye simba rezvinhu zvipenyu achitora chikamu chinosvika makumi matatu muzana. Imwe mari inosvika makumi maviri muzana inobva muchikamu chikuru chekurima nekurima masango.

2. Mamiriro eEUzvakavakirwa pabhayolojihupfumi

Muna 2018, indasitiri yeEU ine mari inosvika mabhiriyoni mazana manomwe nemakumi manomwe nematanhatu emaeuro, kubva pamamiriyoni mazana matanhatu emaeuro muna 2008. Pakati pazvo, zvigadzirwa zvepepa-pepa (23%) uye zvigadzirwa zvehuni-fenicha (27%) zvakaita chikamu chikuru, nemamiriyoni mazana matatu nemakumi masere nemanomwe emaeuro; mafuta ebiofuel nebioenergy zvakaita 15%, nemamiriyoni zana nemakumi gumi nemana emaeuro; makemikari nemapurasitiki zvakagadzirwa nebioenergy zvine mamiriyoni makumi mashanu nemana emaeuro (7%).

Kuchinja kwemitengo muchikamu chemakemikari nemapurasitiki kwakawedzera ne68%, kubva pamabhiriyoni makumi matatu nemaviri eEUR kusvika pamabhiriyoni makumi mashanu nemana eEUR;

Kuchinja kweindasitiri yemishonga kwakawedzera ne42%, kubva pamabhiriyoni zana emaeuro kusvika pamabhiriyoni zana nemakumi mana nemaviri emaeuro;

Kumwe kukura kudiki, kwakadai seindasitiri yemapepa, kwakawedzera kuchinja kwezvinhu ne10.5%, kubva pamabhiriyoni zana nemakumi matanhatu nerimwe emaeuro kusvika pamabhiriyoni zana nemakumi manomwe nemasere emaeuro;

Kana kuti budiriro yakagadzikana, yakaita seindasitiri yemachira, kuchinjana kwezvinhu kwakawedzera ne1% chete, kubva pamabhiriyoni makumi manomwe nemasere emaeuro kusvika pamabhiriyoni makumi manomwe nemapfumbamwe emaeuro.

3. Kuchinja kwemabasa muEUhupfumi hwakavakirwa pazvipenyu

Muna 2018, huwandu hwevashandi muEU bioeconomy hwakasvika mamiriyoni 18.4. Zvisinei, munguva ya2008-2018, kukura kwemabasa muEU bioeconomy yese zvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hwevashandi hwakabuda kwakaratidza kudzikira kwehuwandu hwevashandi. Zvisinei, kudzikira kwemabasa muEU bioeconomy kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekuderera kwechikamu chekurima, izvo zvinokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwekugadzirisa, otomatiki uye digitalization yechikamu ichi. Huwandu hwevashandi mune mamwe maindasitiri hwakaramba hwakagadzikana kana kutowedzera, senge mishonga.

Kuvandudzwa kwemabasa mumaindasitiri akavakirwa pamishonga kwakaratidza kudzikira kudiki pakati pa2008 na2018. Mabasa akadzikira kubva pamamiriyoni 3.7 muna 2008 kusvika pamamiriyoni 3.5 muna 2018, indasitiri yemachira ichinyanya kurasikirwa nemabasa angangoita 250,000 munguva iyi. Mune mamwe maindasitiri, akadai semishonga, mabasa akawedzera. Muna 2008, vanhu 214,000 vakashanda, uye ikozvino nhamba iyoyo yakwira kusvika pamamiriyoni 327.000.

4. Kusiyana kwemabasa munyika dzeEU

Ruzivo rwezvehupfumi rwakavakirwa paEU runoratidza kuti pane musiyano wakajeka pakati penhengo maererano nemabasa nezvibereko.

Semuenzaniso, nyika dzepakati nedzekumabvazuva kweEurope dzakadai sePoland, Romania neBulgaria, ndidzo dzine simba guru muzvikamu zvehupfumi hwezvinhu zvipenyu, izvo zvinoita kuti pave nemabasa akawanda. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti chikamu chekurima chinowanzo shandiswa nevanhu vakawanda kana tichienzanisa nezvikamu zvine simba guru.

Kusiyana neizvi, nyika dzekuMadokero nedzeNordic dzine mari yakawanda yekuchinjana kana tichienzanisa nemabasa, zvichiratidza kuti makambani akawanda ane kukosha kwakadai sekuchenesa mafuta anoshandiswa muindasitiri iyi.

Nyika dzine vashandi vakawanda vanochinja mabasa iFinland, Belgium neSweden.

5. Chiratidzo
Panosvika gore ra2050, Europe ichave nekambani yeindasitiri inoramba ichikwikwidzana uye ine makwikwi ekusimudzira mabasa, kukura kwehupfumi uye kuumbwa kwenharaunda inogadzira mishonga inodzokorodza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvipenyu.
Munharaunda yakadaro yakatenderera, vatengi vane ruzivo vachasarudza mararamiro anochengetedza zvinhu uye vachatsigira hupfumi hunobatanidza kukura kwehupfumi nekugara zvakanaka kwevanhu pamwe nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.